Some mental illness professionals view schizophrenia as a group of related illnesses with similar characteristics, since there are five different types of schizophrenia. This disorder affects 1-2% of Americans, which equates to at least 2.5 million, with 100,000 to 200,000 new cases diagnosed each year. More hospital beds are filled with schizophrenics than with patients suffering from cancer, heart disease or diabetes in the United States. However, 70% of these people can function in society with the help of antipsychotic medication that suppresses hallucinations and delusions.

Of all the schizophrenia types, the most prevalent is paranoid schizophrenia, which is found in 40% of all affected patients. Paranoid-type schizophrenia is marked by delusions and hallucinations. Often, people feel they are being watched, spied on or sabotaged. In other cases, schizophrenics may have delusions of grandeur and feel they are here for a special purpose, such as a savior who was sent to warn the people about some impending disaster. Some individuals may be possessed by jealousy or incited with explosive anger suddenly.

While not as common, there are other types of schizophrenia. With catatonic-type schizophrenia, patients may sit and stare for hours on end with a vacuous look in their eyes. They generally withdraw from family and friends, stop speaking and neglect their personal hygiene. A person with disorganized-type schizophrenia might speak using an invented language, walk in strange steps, pace constantly and switch from one topic to the next quickly without transition. After the acute phase of schizophrenia, some people develop what is called "residual schizophrenia," which is a period of social withdrawal, lack of motivation and inappropriate emotions. If the mental disorder does not fit neatly into any of these categories, doctors might say it's an "undifferentiated" type.

Most types of schizophrenia (75% of all schizophrenics) experience illogical delusions in their acute phase of the disorder. Hallucinations are another type of acute "positive" symptom. Patients often report feeling as though bugs are crawling all over them, hearing voices and believing that there are sinister controlling forces out to get them. Often they'll grimace, pace, ramble, use nonsensical words and become violent. About 15-20% of schizophrenics try to kill themselves because the voices in their heads tell them to and up to 35% attempt suicide. Another 25-50% of patients with paranoid-type schizophrenia become dependent on drugs or alcohol. Once the acute symptoms fade, many people have residual-type schizophrenia, which involves inappropriate emotions, inability to experience pleasure, reduced attention span, social withdrawal and lack of motivation.

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Tags: paranoid type schizophrenia, Health, schizophrenia types, understanding paranoid schizophrenia, antipsychotic medications, catatonic type schizophrenia

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